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The Azadegan League (, Lig-e Âzâdegân), also known as League 1 (, Lig-e Yek), is the second highest division of professional football in Iran. It was the top-level football league in Iran from its foundation in 1991 until 2001, when the Persian Gulf Pro League was established.

Azadegan League operates on a system of promotion and relegation. Each year, the top finishing teams in the Azadegan League are promoted to the Persian Gulf Pro League, and the lowest finishing teams are relegated to League 2.

Since 2016, the league comprises 18 teams. The winner and the runner-up of the Azadegan League are automatically promoted to the Persian Gulf Pro League. The bottom three teams in the league are relegated to League 2. In the past, the format and number of teams were changed for various times.


History

Before 1970
Before the 1970s, Iran did not have an official national football league. Most clubs participated in championships of their city or province. In 1970, the Local League was created. The league included teams from all Iran in different qualifying tournaments. In 1972, the Takht Jamshid Cup was founded as the national league and included teams from all over the country.


1979 Revolution and 1980s
Due to the Islamic Revolution and the Iran–Iraq War, the Takht Jamshid Cup was dissolved and also the lower leagues were unorganized. In 1989 the Qods League was created as the national football league. Esteghlal were the first national champion since PAS Tehran in 1978. After the season the Qods League was not continued.


Establishment as First tier (1991–2001)
+ Azadegan League champions (First tier) ! style="width:75px;"Season ! style="width:125px;"Champions ! style="width:125px;"Runners-up
1991–92PAS TehranEsteghlal
1992–93PAS TehranPersepolis
1993–94SaipaPersepolis
1994–95SaipaEsteghlal
1995–96PersepolisBahman
1996–97PersepolisBahman
1997–98EsteghlalPAS Tehran
1998–99PersepolisEsteghlal
1999–2000PersepolisEsteghlal
2000–01EsteghlalPersepolis
In 1991 the Azadegan League was formed as the top flight of Iranian football. The league was named as Azadegan League in honor of the Iranian prisoners of war who were released. Azadegan means the liberated in . The league started with a format of 12 teams in the first season. In the 1992–93 Azadegan League season the league changed its format. 16 clubs participated in two groups of eight teams. PAS Tehran were the champions in both seasons. Esteghlal relegated for the first time in their history in 1993. Before the start of the 1993–94 season, the league changed its format again. 14 teams participated in one group. Saipa won the Azadegan League title, sitting three points of runners-up Persepolis. Only one year later the league format was changed again. 24 clubs participated in two groups of 12 teams. Saipa defended their title in final against Esteghlal.

Prior to the start of the 1995–96 Azadegan League season, the league changed its format again. 16 teams participated in one group until 1999. Persepolis were the champions in 1995–96, 1996–97 and 1998–99, while Esteghlal became the champion in the 1997–98 season. In 1999 the league was reduced to 14 teams. Persepolis won the 1999–2000 Azadegan League season, sitting seven points clear of rival Esteghlal. The 2000–01 season was the last year of the Azadegan League as the top-level football league of Iran. Esteghlal became the champion in a league of 12 teams.


Continuance as Second tier (2001–)
+ Azadegan League champions (Second tier) ! style="width:75px;"Season ! style="width:140px;"Champions ! style="width:110px;"Runners-up
2001–02Esteghlal AhvazSanat Naft
2002–03ShamoushakPegah
2003–04Saba BatteryMalavan
2004–05Shahid GhandiRah Ahan
2005–06Mes KermanPaykan
2006–07Shirin FarazPegah
2007–08PayamSepahan Novin
2008–09Steel AzinShahin
Tractor
2009–10Shahrdari TabrizSanat Naft
Naft Tehran
2010–11DamashMes Sarcheshmeh
2011–12PaykanAluminium Hormozgan
2012–13Gostaresh FooladPAS Hamedan
Esteghlal Khuzestan
2013–14PadidehNaft MIS
2014–15Foolad NovinSiah Jamegan
2015–16PaykanMachine Sazi
2016–17Pars JonoubiSepidrood
2017–18Naft MISNassaji
2018–19Gol GoharShahin
2019–20Mes RafsanjanAluminium Arak
2020–21Fajr SepasiHavadar
2021–22MalavanMes Kerman
2022–23Shams AzarEsteghlal Khuzestan
2023–24KheybarChadormalou
2024–25Fajr SepasiPaykan
After the Iran Pro League was established as the professional football league of Iran, Azadegan League was declared as the second-highest professional league in the Iranian football league system. Esteghlal Ahvaz won the 2001–02 Azadegan League season and promoted to Iran Pro League. Also Sanat Naft Abadan promoted to the Iran Pro League. 22 clubs participated in two groups of 11 teams including a final stage for the best four teams. The format was changed into a classic league of 16 teams for the next two seasons. Shamoushak Noshahr became the champion in 2002–03, while Saba Battery won the league title in the 2003–04 season.

Once more the league changed their format in 2004. Between the 2004–05 and 2007–08 Azadegan League season, 24 clubs played in two groups of 12 teams. After Shahid Ghandi winning the league in 2004–05, Mes Kerman became the champion in the 2005–06 season. Sanat Naft Abadan, the third-ranked team in 2004–05, criticized the Iranian Football Federation due to incidents in the final stage. In the 2006–07 Azadegan League season, Pegah and Shirin Faraz became the champions of the league, while Tractor failed once again for promotion. Also, Sanat Naft Abadan promoted automatically to the Persian Gulf Cup because of the 2004–05 Azadegan League promotion controversy.

After Payam Mashhad winning the title in the 2007–08 Azadegan League season, the number of teams was increased to 28 before the start of the 2008–09 season. They played in two groups of 14 teams until 2013. East Azerbaijan club Tractor returned finally back to the Persian Gulf Cup by winning the 2008–09 season alongside Steel Azin. Shahrdari Tabriz and Naft Tehran were the champions in the 2009–10 season, before Damash winning the league in 2010–11. Paykan won the league title 2011–12, while Gostaresh and Esteghlal Khuzestan winning the league one year later. Although Shahrdari Tabriz could win their group, they had to relegate due to match-fixing.

The number of teams was reduced in the next two seasons. 26 clubs participated in 2013–14, while 24 teams played in the 2014–15 season. Padideh won the title in 2013–14 after a victory over Naft Masjed Soleyman in the league final. One season later, Foolad Novin could win the league after they beat Siah Jamegan in final. Due to the fact that Foolad Novin is the reserve team of Foolad Khuzestan, they could not promote to the Persian Gulf Pro League. Instead of Foolad Novin, Esteghlal Ahvaz was allowed to promote.


Since 2015
Before the start of the 2015–16 Azadegan League season, they returned to a classic league format. 20 clubs participated in 2015–16, before the number of teams were reduced to 18 one season later. Paykan won the 2015–16 season, sitting seven points clear of Machine Sazi.

Like in the 2016–17 season, Nassaj was also involved in a dramatic season finish in the 2017–18 Azadegan League. At the last matchday, five teams had the chance to promoted. Naft Masjed Soleyman drew 2–2 with Mes Rafsanjan and won the league, while Nassaji defeated Rah Ahan 6–0 in Tehran's Takhti Stadium and became runners-up with 64 points thanks to a better goal difference than Khooneh be Khooneh.


Format
In the past, the format and number of teams were changed for various times. Since 2016, the league comprises 18 teams. Over the course of a season, which runs annually from July to the following May, each team plays twice against the others in the league, once at home and once away, resulting in each team competing in 34 games in total. Three points are awarded for a win, one for a draw and zero for a loss. The teams are ranked in the league table by points gained, then goal difference, then goals scored and then their head-to-head record for that season. At the end of the season, the top two teams are promoted to the Persian Gulf Pro League and the bottom three teams are relegated to League 2. Furthermore, all teams in the Azadegan League can participate in the .

121991–92, 2000–01
16 (two groups)1992–93
141993–94, 1999–2000
24 (two groups)1994–95, 2004–05 until 2007–08, 2014–15
161995–96 until 1998–99, 2002–03 until 2003–04
22 (two groups)2001–02
28 (two groups)2008–09 until 2012–13
26 (two groups)2013–14
202015–16
18since 2016–17


Logo

Clubs
Aluminium ArakArakImam Khomeini15,000
Arman Gohar SirjanTBATBA
Baadraan Tehran5,000
DamashShahid Dr. Azodi11,000
Elmoadab TabrizMarzdaran Stadium5,000
Esteghlal Khuzestan38,900
Fajr Sepasi15,000
Gol Reyhan Alborz15,000
Khooshe Talaei SavehShahid Chamran3,000
MalavanTakhti Anzali8,000
Mes KermanShahid Bahonar15,430
Mes RafsanjanShohadaye Noushabad5,000
Navad UrmiaShahid Bakeri15,000
Nirooye ZaminiTBATBA
Qashqai15,000
Rayka BabolHaft-e Tir6,000
SepidroodSardar Jangal15,000
Sorkhpooshan PakdashtShahid Dastgerdi8,250


Champions

Overall
+ Performance in the Azadegan League by club
Persepolis4 (1995–96, 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000)3 (1992–93, 1993–94, 2000–01)
Esteghlal2 (1997–98, 2000–01)4 (1991–92, 1994–95, 1998–99, 1999–2000)
Paykan2 (2011–12, 2015–16)2 (2005–06, 2024–25)
PAS Tehran2 (1991–92, 1992–93)1 (1997–98)
Fajr Sepasi2 (2020–21, 2024–25)
Saipa2 (1993–94, 1994–95)
Damash1 (2010–11)2 (2002–03), (2006–07)
Naft Masjed Soleyman1 (2017–18)1 (2013–14)
Mes Kerman1 (2005–06)1 (2021–22)
Malavan1 (2021–22)1 (2003–04)
Esteghlal Khuzestan1 (2012–13)1 (2022–23)
Esteghlal Ahvaz1 (2001–02)
Shamoushak Noshahr1 (2002–03)
Saba Qom11 (2003–04)
Shahid Ghandi Yazd21 (2004–05)
Rahian Kermanshah31 (2006–07)
Payam Mashhad1 (2007–08)
Steel Azin41 (2008–09)
Tractor51 (2008–09)
Naft Tehran1 (2009–10)
Shahrdari Tabriz1 (2009–10)
Gostaresh Foulad1 (2012–13)
Padideh61 (2013–14)
Foolad Novin1 (2014–15)
Pars Jonoubi Jam1 (2016–17)
Gol Gohar1 (2018–19)
Mes Rafsanjan1 (2019–20)
Shams Azar Qazvin1 (2022–23)
Bahman 2 (1995–96, 1996–97)
Sanat Naft 2 (2001–02, 2009–10)
Shahin Bushehr 2 (2008–09, 2018–19)
Rah Ahan 1 (2004–05)
Sepahan Novin 1 (2007–08)
Aluminium Hormozgan 1 (2011–12)
Mes Sarcheshmeh 1 (2010–11)
PAS Hamedan 1 (2012–13)
Siah Jamegan 1 (2014–15)
Machine Sazi 1 (2015–16)
Sepidrood 1 (2016–17)
Nassaji Mazandaran 1 (2017–18)
Aluminium Arak 1 (2019–20)
Havadar 1 (2020–21)
Notes:
1 Saba Qom was formerly known as Saba Battery
2 Shahid Ghandi Yazd was known as Tarbiat Yazd between 2006 and 2015
3 Rahian Kermanshah was formerly known as Shirin Faraz
4 Steel Azin was formerly known as Ekbatan
5 Tractor was formerly known as Tractor Sazi
6 Padideh was known as Shahr Khodrou between 2019 and 2021


As 1st Tier league
+ Performance in the Azadegan League by club
Persepolis4 (1995–96, 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000)3 (1992–93, 1993–94, 2000–01)
Esteghlal2 (1997–98, 2000–01)4 (1991–92, 1994–95, 1998–99, 1999–2000)
PAS Tehran2 (1991–92, 1992–93)1 (1997–98)
Saipa2 (1993–94, 1994–95)
Bahman 2 (1995–96, 1996–97)


As 2nd Tier league
+ Performance in the Azadegan League by club
Paykan2 (2011–12, 2015–16)1 (2005–06)
Damash1 (2010–11)2 (2002–03), (2006–07)
Naft Masjed Soleyman1 (2017–18)1 (2013–14)
Mes Kerman1 (2005–06)1 (2021–22)
Malavan1 (2021–22)1 (2003–04)
Esteghlal Khuzestan1 (2012–13)1 (2022–23)
Esteghlal Ahvaz1 (2001–02)
Shamoushak Noshahr1 (2002–03)
Saba Qom11 (2003–04)
Shahid Ghandi Yazd21 (2004–05)
Rahian Kermanshah31 (2006–07)
Payam Mashhad1 (2007–08)
Steel Azin41 (2008–09)
Tractor51 (2008–09)
Naft Tehran1 (2009–10)
Shahrdari Tabriz1 (2009–10)
Gostaresh Foulad1 (2012–13)
Padideh61 (2013–14)
Foolad Novin1 (2014–15)
Pars Jonoubi Jam1 (2016–17)
Gol Gohar1 (2018–19)
Mes Rafsanjan1 (2019–20)
Fajr Sepasi1 (2020–21)
Shams Azar Qazvin1 (2022–23)
Sanat Naft 2 (2001–02, 2009–10)
Shahin Bushehr 2 (2008–09, 2018–19)
Rah Ahan 1 (2004–05)
Sepahan Novin 1 (2007–08)
Aluminium Hormozgan 1 (2011–12)
Mes Sarcheshmeh 1 (2010–11)
PAS Hamedan 1 (2012–13)
Siah Jamegan 1 (2014–15)
Machine Sazi 1 (2015–16)
Sepidrood 1 (2016–17)
Nassaji Mazandaran 1 (2017–18)
Aluminium Arak 1 (2019–20)
Havadar 1 (2020–21)
Notes:
1 Saba Qom was formerly known as Saba Battery
2 Shahid Ghandi Yazd was known as Tarbiat Yazd between 2006 and 2015
3 Rahian Kermanshah was formerly known as Shirin Faraz
4 Steel Azin was formerly known as Ekbatan
5 Tractor was formerly known as Tractor Sazi
6 Padideh was known as Shahr Khodrou between 2019 and 2021


All-time table
125||||||||||8th>71||||||||1||10th>29||||||||||15th>
Nassaji Mazandaran12nd
Mes Kerman1st
Sanat Naft2nd
Aluminium Arak22nd
Malavan31st
Fajr Sepasi1st
Tractor Sazi1st
Machine Sazi2nd
Mes Rafsanjan1st
Gol Gohar1st
Persepolis1st
Payam Mashhad41st
Esteghlal1st
PAS Tehran1st
Damash Gilan51st
Esteghlal Ahvaz1st
Iranjavan2nd
Niroye Zamini3rd
Saipa1st
Sepahan3rd
Rayka Babol65th
Esteghlal Khuzestan1st
Kheybar Khorramabad4th
Pars Jonoubi Jam1st
Khooshe Talaei4th
Arman Gohar Sirjan3rd
Chooka Talesh6th
Esteghlal Mollasani
Shams Azar Qazvin1st
Shahrdari Astara11th
Mes Shahr-e Babak7th
Shahrdari Hamedan
Van Pars Naghsh-e-Jahan7th
Chadormalou Ardakan8th
Darya Babol10th
Khalij Fars Mahshahr
Omid Vahdat Khorasan18th

2022–23 Persian Gulf Pro League
2022–23 Azadegan League
Dissolved
Notes:
Only league matches, Play-offs are not included in the all-time table
1 Nassaji Mazandaran was deducted three points in the 2012–13 season
2 Aluminium Arak was formerly known as PAS Arak, Shensa Arak, Hamyari Arak and Shahrdari Arak
3 Malavan was deducted six points in the 2018–19 season
4 Payam Mashhad was deducted three points in the 2010–11 season
5 Damash Gilan was formerly known as Esteghlal Rasht and Pegah Gilan
6 Rayka Babol was formerly known as Khooneh be Khooneh


Attendances

Average league attendances
2008–093,075Tractor9,385Niroye Zamini319
2009–102,667Nassaji Mazandaran11,833Foolad Novin192
2010–112,733Nassaji Mazandaran12,769Sanati Kaveh188
2011–122,350Naft Masjed Soleyman9,091Sanati Kaveh200
2015–162,539Nassaji Mazandaran8,931Parseh Tehran120
2016–172,650Nassaji Mazandaran10,333Rah Ahan188
2017–182,287Nassaji Mazandaran12,941Machine Sazi247
Notes:
Matches with spectator bans are not included in average attendances


Highest attended season matches
Sahand
Sahand
Sahand
Dr. Azodi
Takhti Tehran


Statistics

Top scorers
2005–0614
2006–0711
2007–0815
2008–0917
2009–1017
2010–1113
13
13
2011–1213
2012–1317
2013–1415
2014–1511
2015–1616
2016–1724
2017–1817
17
2018–1916
16
2019–2017
2020–2117


See also
  • Football in Iran
  • Iranian football league system
  • Persian Gulf Pro League
  • League 2
  • League 3
  • Iranian Super Cup


External links

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